How many remote controls do you have in your home? Don’t you wish all these things were better integrated somehow, or that you could add remote control functionality to a random device? It’s a common ...

Relays usually are driven using optocouplers, which offer isolation between analog and digital grounds to ensure that switching currents in the relay coils do not affect the noise margin of the ...

“Three-terminal thermal analogies to electrical transistors have been proposed for use in thermal amplification, thermal switching, or thermal logic, but have not yet been demonstrated experimentally.

The two types of standard transistors are PNP and NPN which differs in circuit symbols. The layers of semiconductor material used to make the transistor are denoted by the letters. To keep a straight ...

An RC circuit in series with the coil allows full-current turn-on for reliable relay operation, then reduces the current to save power. Fellow engineer Sanjay R. Chendvankar of Mumbai, India, recently ...

Energy & Environment Electromechanical Reed relays enable PV efficiency monitoring and fault detection News 4 mins read ...

Explains the principles of transistor switching circuits, highlighting their role in electronic computers. It contrasts transistors with vacuum tubes, emphasizing that transistors function as ...

Process devices operate when an input level, such as voltage, reaches the required value for the device to operate. The transistor is on, when the input voltage is greater than or equal to \(0.7 V\).