In the early digital era, logic gates were made exclusively of transistors and discrete components. The obvious occupation of a large space and increased heat dissipation pushed technology to ...

Despite massive, large-scale integration being ubiquitous in contemporary electronic design, discrete MOSFETs in the classic CMOS totem pole topology are still sometimes indispensable. This makes tips ...

I fear the topic of this column is poised to unleash a tsunami of controversy. My engineering accomplice Joe Farr says that this is one of those topics that, when presented to 10 different engineers, ...

The relentless drive towards finer process nodes has transformed complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology from two-dimensional planar transistors into sophisticated three-dimensional ...

The history and continued need of small-scale integration ICs for digital-logic functions. How a serial-input/parallel-output shift register can expand I/O pins while ...