A universal passive logic element of positive and negative logic, made on just one transistor, is proposed. The logic element has at least two inputs, as well as three outputs: an OR, an XOR, and an ...

The possibility of creating passive and active optoelectronic logic elements simultaneously performing the functions AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, XNOR is considered. Passive logic elements, unlike active ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract This paper studies the expressive power that an extra first order quantifier adds to a fragment of monadic second order logic, extending the ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Kolmogorov introduced an informal calculus of problems in an attempt to provide a classical semantics for intuitionistic logic. This was later ...

The study of monadic algebraic structures and fuzzy logic has evolved into a vibrant research area that bridges abstract algebra with the nuanced reasoning of uncertainty. By incorporating unary ...