Harsh words can wound—and when directed at children, they can have a lifelong impact. Research has shown that when words are routinely used by the adults in their lives to humiliate, shame or control ...

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a complex issue that is often passed on through generations. Studies have shown that parents who were abused as children may perpetuate a similar pattern of mistreating ...

TBI triggers both primary mechanical damage and delayed secondary injuries like inflammation and neurodegeneration. Cognitive effects may include memory loss, mood swings, and impaired social judgment ...

Decades of research show that early psychosocial stress, including chronic exposure to adversity, can shape how a child's ...

New research has made a striking link between a mother’s exposure to “forever chemicals” during pregnancy and the shape of her child’s brain at age five. The findings offer no conclusion as to whether ...

The maternal microbiome and immune system have both independent and synergistic effects on fetal brain health - changes in ...

Most well-informed people are aware that traumatic childhood experiences are often associated with serious mental health conditions later in life. What few people know, however, is how exactly trauma ...

Harsh words can wound – and when directed at children, they can have a lifelong impact. Definitions of verbal abuse vary, but it is generally characterised by a sustained pattern of behaviour where ...