Abstract: Quartz crystals are mechanical resonators with piezoelectric properties. The piezoelectric properties (electric potential across the crystal is proportional to mechanical deformation) allow ...

We’ve read a lot about oscillators, but crystal oscillators seem to be a bit of a mystery. Hobby-level books tend to say, build a circuit like this and then mess with it until it oscillates.

Another great crystal oscillator circuit with BB139, a 2-nd harmonic quartz crystal and one BF214 transistor. So, the Q quartz is half of the desired transmitter frequency, L1 has 24 turns, 0.08mm Ø ...

Fig 1. This Pierce-series resonant oscillator can reliably start at supply voltages as low as 2.4 V. It also draws very low current, ensuring long battery life. Fig 2. An oscilloscope photo shows the ...

It is one of our favorite chips, and the brains behind the Arduino UNO and its clones, and it’s getting a tweak (PDF). The ATmega328 and other megaX8-series chips have undergone a subtle design change ...